Understanding of mental processes involves attention, concentration, memory, judgment and reasoning. Better cognitive performance in children is associated with better academic achievement and is associated with better job performance and better quality of life in adulthood and middle ages. Almost all adults experience some degree of cognitive impairment with age.
Considering the importance of cognitive function and its relation with academic and professional abilities and quality of life, identification of factors associated with cognition and risk factors that lead to impairment in bone function is important. Based on the available evidence, environmental factors including nutrition and diet and genetics are effective in cognitive function.
The nutritional factors that appear to affect cognition is milk and dairy consumption. Few studies have been done on the role of dairy in cognitive performance and sometimes have contradictory results. The aim of this study was to review existing studies and determine the relationship between milk and dairy consumption and cognitive function.